Integrity

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• Ciphertext: Ciphertext refers to the encrypted form of a message or data that has been transformed from its original plaintext form using an encryption algorithm. The ciphertext is unreadable and meaningless to anyone who does not have the key to decry ... Read More >>
• Gradient-based Optimization: Gradient-based optimization is a technique used in machine learning and data science to find the optimal values of parameters in a model by iteratively adjusting them in the direction of steepest descent of a cost function. The cost functio ... Read More >>
• Synchronization Mechanisms: Synchronization mechanisms refer to the techniques used to coordinate and control the access to shared resources in a multi-threaded or distributed computing environment. These mechanisms ensure that concurrent processes or threads do not i ... Read More >>