Synchronization Mechanisms
Synchronization mechanisms refer to the techniques used to coordinate and control the access to shared resources in a multi-threaded or distributed computing environment. These mechanisms ensure that concurrent processes or threads do not interfere with each other, leading to race conditions, deadlocks, or other synchronization-related issues. Synchronization mechanisms can include locks, semaphores, monitors, barriers, and message passing protocols. Locks are used to restrict access to a shared resource to a single thread or process at a time. Semaphores are used to signal the availability of a resource or to limit the number of threads that can access a resource simultaneously. Monitors provide a higher-level abstraction for synchronization, allowing threads to wait for a condition to be met before accessing a shared resource. Barriers are used to synchronize the execution of multiple threads, ensuring that all threads have reached a certain point before continuing. Message passing protocols are used to coordinate the exchange of data between distributed processes or threads.
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