Qubits
Qubits, or quantum bits, are the fundamental units of quantum information. Unlike classical bits, which can only exist in one of two states (0 or 1), qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously, a phenomenon known as superposition. Additionally, qubits can become entangled, meaning that the state of one qubit is dependent on the state of another qubit, even if they are physically separated. This property allows for the creation of quantum algorithms that can solve certain problems exponentially faster than classical algorithms. However, qubits are highly sensitive to their environment and can easily become decohered, meaning that their quantum properties are lost. This makes the creation and maintenance of qubits a significant challenge in the development of quantum computers.
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