Media Access Control
Media Access Control (MAC) is a sublayer of the Data Link Layer in the OSI model. It is responsible for the identification of devices on a network and their access to the physical medium. MAC addresses are unique identifiers assigned to network interface controllers (NICs) by the manufacturer. The MAC sublayer provides a way for devices to share the same physical medium without interfering with each other. It uses protocols such as Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) or Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) to manage access to the medium. MAC addresses are used in routing and switching to forward data packets to their intended destination. They are also used in security protocols such as MAC filtering to restrict access to a network based on the MAC address of the device.
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